Ak-47

Содержание

Содержание

Trivia

• The AK-47 is featured on the flag and emblem of Mozambique and the coat of arms of Zimbabwe. 
• In Mexico, the AK-47 is known as Cuerno de Chivo (meaning Goat Horn) because of its curved magazine. It is one of the weapons of choice of Mexican drug cartels.
• A theory circulates about Mikhail Kalashnikov having stolen design innovations from Hugo Schmeisser due to Schmeisser’s work for the Soviet Union starting in November 1946, and also that the AK was based off of the StG 44. However, by the time Schmeisser was brough to Izhevsk Mechanical Plant, Kalashnikov already had a working AK-47 (though not called that at the time) and it was being tested over 1000km from Schmeisser.
  • Kalashnikov, when asked about his inspirations for the AK, claimed he had never even seen a rifle in the Sturmgewehr series before, and actually said much of his inspiration came from the M1 Carbine. Mechanical similarities of the three weapons end at all of them using the long stroke piston recoil mechanism however.
  • Schmeisser did comparatively little while working for the Soviets and did not actually achieve any of the projects that he drafted due to a lack of technical education, despite his extensive experience as a gunsmith. Official documents actually describe Schmeisser as being useless, though this could be deliberate, because he felt he wasn’t being paid well enough and he simply despised working for the Soviets.

Design details

AKs are long-stroke gas piston operated rifles. Most AKs are select-fire rifles; some have been converted to only fire semi-automatically. In all cases, the selector doubles as a dust cover; when the rifle is on SAFE, the selector covers the channel the charging handle travels in.

Receivers

The first production AKs were designed to be built with stamped receivers (in line with Schmeisser’s expertise in this method of production), but this proved unworkable with Soviet production controls of the era and the rejection rate was very high. Functional examples of stamped first-production AKs were usually hand-finished via milling.

As a result, production AKs have milled steel receivers. These are identified by two milled out sections, right above the magazine well, one on each side of the receiver. These are known as AK receivers, and were rather expensive to produce.

Most modern AKs use stamped sheet metal receivers: this started with the AKM in 1959. The metal is 1mm thick. These receivers, with a couple of exceptions (Romanian WASR-10 rifles, Saiga rifles), have two dimples, one on each side of the receiver, that serve as magazine guides. These receivers can also be identified by the rivets that hold the front trunnion in the receiver. These receivers are found on AKM rifles, AK-74 rifles, and all rifles of the AK-10X lineage.

Some AKs (Yugoslavian rifles, some Chinese rifles, and all RPKs) have reinforced stamped sheet metal receivers; the metal is 1.6mm thick, instead of 1mm. These can be identified by the rivet that holds the front trunnion in the receiver; it is oversized and reinforced. These tend to be very durable and stable receivers.

Operating system

The bolt has two lugs that lock into the barrel extension, sealing the chamber when it goes into battery. Upon unlocking, it makes a primary extraction movement on the spent case. This, along with the significant taper of the 7.62x39mm and 5.45x39mm casing, results in very positive and reliable extraction, even with a dirty chamber and dirty or corroded cases. The rotation of the bolt is ensured by the curved cam track, machined in the bolt carrier, and by the appropriate stud on the bolt itself. The action spring and spring guide are located behind the gas piston and are partially hidden in its hollow rear part when the bolt is in battery. The base of the action spring assembly also serves as a receiver cover lock; the serrated end holds the cover down. The charging handle is permanently attached to the bolt carrier (in fact, it forms a single machined steel unit with the carrier), and does reciprocate when the weapon is fired.

Gas block and barrel assembly

The gas block is located on the barrel, and the gas port on modern AKs is drilled at 90 degrees; this was changed from the original 45 degrees due to 5.45mm bullets shearing in the barrel. Generally speaking, there are two thread pitches for the muzzle. AKs and AKMs use a 14/1mm left hand thread, and the barrel itself is threaded. AK-74s use a front sight assembly that slips over the barrel itself, and is threaded. Russian, Bulgarian, and East German AK-74s use a 24mm right-hand thread, while Romanians use a 22mm right-hand thread.

Most AKs, with a couple of exceptions (Yugoslavian rifles and their clones do not have chrome-lined bores), have cold hammer forged barrels with chrome-lined bores to resist corrosion.

Sights

The AK rifles feature rear sights adjustable for range (100 to 800 meters on an AK, 100 to 1000 on everything else), and a front sight, adjustable for elevation and windage. The rear sight is adjusted by pressing in on the slide catch and moving the slide bar along the leaf until the front edge of the bar is aligned with the line below the number that corresponds with the range in meters.

The front sight post is adjusted for elevation by screwing it in and out of the front sight base; a wrench is used to do this. Windage is adjusted by using a tool to move the front sight post mount from side to side. A 1mm adjustment of the front sight changes the point of impact by 26 cm at 100 meters on a 7.62 Soviet AK.

Manual of arms

AKs are short, compact, gas-operated, select-fire weapons. They feed from 30-round box magazines, which have a significant curve if the AK in question is of the 7.62 Soviet variety; 5.45 Russian and 5.56 NATO magazines are straighter, with the 5.45 having a slightly more significant curve due to the taper of its casing.

The magazine is inserted via a «rocking» motion, positioned so that the lug on the front of the magazine engages with its recess in the magazine well, into the magazine well. It should be pulled to the rear until it snaps into place.

In order to operate the charging handle, the selector must be off safe. The charging handle is pulled all the way to the rear and then released to chamber a round. As the bolt carrier goes forward, the lug on the bottom of the bolt will strip a round out of the magazine and feed it into the chamber.

When a round is fired, the gas produced by the propellant in the cartridge goes into the gas tube and impinges upon the operating rod, which then unlocks the bolt and cycles the bolt carrier rearward, which causes it to cock the hammer as it travels. The bolt carrier then strips another round from the magazine and chambers it as it travels forward, and locks the bolt, sealing the round in the chamber.

When the last round is fired, there is no bolt catch mechanism to catch the bolt carrier group and prevent it from closing on an empty chamber. Thus, when the shooter reloads, he will need to rack the charging handle to chamber the next round. If the shooter experiences a malfunction, in most cases racking the charging handle (or reloading, if the magazine is bad OR empty), will solve the problem.

Ссылки[править | править код]

History

History Of AK-47

Sergeant Mikhail Kalashnikov, being in the hospital after being wounded, began to develop various small arms during World War II. In 1944 he was assigned to the Izhevsk Machinebuilding Plant (IZHMASH), where he developed a semi-automatic, gas-operated carbine. Starting with this design, outwardly resembling the German Sturmgewehr 44 though not mechanically based on it, he developed an assault rifle that he submitted for official Soviet Army trials in 1946.

During 1946 and early 1947, he redesigned his initial rifle and submitted it to the second trials, held in 1947. The new prototype was deemed superior to the other competitors and was consequently adopted in 1949 as the «7,62mm Avtomat Kalashnikova, obraztsa 1947 goda» (7.62mm Kalashnikov automatic rifle, model of 1947). After extensive field trials it was slightly modified in 1951, but retained the same name. This redesign was performed with the assistance of Hugo Schmeisser, with his role specifically to make Kalashnikov’s weapon more suited to modern mass production techniques. Along with the basic version, a folding stock version had been developed for paratroopers and vehicle crews and was named the AKS.

AKM with border guard presentation green handguards.

By 1959, the AK was modified again, this time more extensively, and was consequently adopted (after trials) as the AKM (Avtomat Kalashnikova Modernizirovannyj — Kalashnikov Automatic Modernized). The key changes were the switch from milling back to stamping as Soviet production techniques became precise enough to do this reliably, and improved trigger/hammer unit that introduced a hammer release delay device (often incorrectly referred to as a rate reducer). Other changes were effected, including a slightly raised buttstock, the pistol grip, and the addition of the removable muzzle flip compensator. This spoon-like compensator is screwed onto the muzzle and uses the muzzle blast to reduce muzzle climb during bursts of automatic fire.

Описание[править | править код]

AK-47, реальное название АКМ, был разработан в Советском Союзе Михаилом Калашниковым. Данная винтовка в реальности была принята на вооружение советской армии в 1959 году и используется до сих пор во всем мире.

В игре AK-47 является чрезвычайно мощной штурмовой винтовкой, доступной исключительно для террористов. Он является одним из мощнейших орудий в игре, известен своим уроном и дальностью стрельбы. Единственным его недостатком является низкая точность и высокая отдача после нескольких выстрелов. AK-47 имеет популярность благодаря своей эффективности, поэтому данная винтовка является приоритетным оружием среди террористов в серии игр Counter-Strike. В настоящее время, AK-47 в Counter-Strike: Global Offensive стоит $2700.

Историческое значение триколора

Ещё с древнейших времён воинствующие единицы применяли для собственного отличия разнообразные флаги. Ими служили стяги, хоругви. С ними обращались очень аккуратно и почтительно. Если регалия терялась, отдавалась врагам, то это считалось большим позором.

1. Флаг, как правило, представляет собой какой-либо символ или символическое изображение.
2. К примеру, в России значимыми событиями стали окружение и штурм Казани армией Ивана Грозного.
3. В разнообразных летописных источниках эти действия описывались много раз. Тогда флаг был с рисунком образа Христа.

Во время Ивана Грозного применялось и другое полотнище, на нём был изображён святой Михаил, который скачет на жеребце. А с другого бока был изображён Христос. В те времена эти флаги выступали от имени монарха, но всё же они не были правительственными.

Что означает флаг России — на этот вопрос можно ответить, если заглянуть вглубь времён. Как правило, даже в древнее время флаг символизировал главные черты государства.

Appearances

The AK-47 appeared in the following maps:

• Frantic: In the armory in the Terrorist spawn area, accessed by destroying the vent.
• Jail: In the armory in the Terrorist spawn area, accessed by destroying the vent.
• Trinity: From the Terrorist spawn, going up the cliff, taking the path on the right to a ledge, and destroying the church window at the end will provide the AK-47.

In the map Storm, the AK-47 appears in the (unopenable) weapon crate that is considered as the bombsite target. If the C4 explodes, the AK-47 will be laying around but being gibs, they cannot be obtained. Apparently those weapons are meant to be send to allied countries that’s about to being attacked by the terrorists.

In the Tour of Duty, the following Terrorist bots use the CV-47 as their main weapon:

• Freak: Normal
• Rebel: Tough
• Fiend: Tough
• Vandal: Tough
• Raider: Hard
• Blade: Hard
• Cutter: Very hard
• Fanatic: Very hard
• Panther: Expert
• Spider: Elite
• Snake: Elite

Additionally, the following M4A1-user Counter-Terrorist bots will pick up and use the CV-47 when discovered:

• Maverick: Cost 3
• Tex: Cost 4
• Steel: Cost 5

The CV-47 can be used in the following missions:

• Building Recon: After taking out a large pack of terrorists with the M2 Browning Machine Gun, the player will go down a hallway, in which several terrorists will emerge from the rooms lining the corridor. The CV-47 is in the first accessible room.
• Turn of the Crank: On a weapon crate in the laundry room behind the deal room.
• Pipe Dream: The player starts the level with the weapon.

Additionally, the CV-47 is used by enemies in every level in the game except for Counter Terrorist Training, and by Spetsnaz NPCs in Secret War and Pipe Dream.

The AK-47 appears as a selectable weapon in the active training course in the Weapons Course.

Overview

The AK-47 is a select-fire, gas-operated 7.62×39mm assault rifle developed in the Soviet Union by Mikhail Kalashnikov. The first weapon in the AK (Avtomat Kalashnikova, Russian: Автомат Калашникова, Kalashnikov assault rifle) family of weapons, the AK-47 is succeeded by the modernized AKM in 1959, and the AK-74 in 1974. AK variants were adopted by many forces around the world and saw use in almost every conflict since its development. The AK-47 in Global Offensive is modeled after the AKM.

In-game, the AK-47 is a powerful assault rifle exclusive to the Terrorists. It is one of the most popular and efficient guns in the game known for its power, range, and cheap price. The AK-47 can kill a helmeted player with one shot to the head, something which its CT counterparts (Maverick M4A1 Carbine, M4A4, and M4A1-S) cannot do. Even without headshots, it is able to bring down an enemy in 4 Chest & Arm shots instead of 5 with the CT counterparts. It has high first shot accuracy and low damage dropoff, and a moderately fast reload. In Global Offensive, the first 8-9 bullets in its spray pattern have little to no side to side recoil, making compensation somewhat simple.

The AK-47’s only major disadvantages are its inaccuracy after multiple shots and high recoil. In Global Offensive, the upwards recoil in the first few shots of its spray pattern is quite strong, requiring more mouse movement to compensate. After that, the recoil moves to strong side-to-side sway, which is harder to compensate. Its CT counterparts are easier to control in this regard. Its rate of fire is lower than its CT counterparts, and is also fairly heavy, slowing down the player more. It is also one of the loudest rifles and has a very distinctive firing noise, allowing enemies to easily identify users of the AK-47.

Значение составных частей герба

Традиционное толкование элементов современного герба таково:

Описание символа
Значение геральдики
Три короны
Суверенитет как Федерации в целом, так и её субъектов.
Скипетр и держава
Символы как государственной власти, так и единства страны.
Георгий Победоносец, пронзающий копьём змея
Многозначный символ

Основные трактовки сводятся к следующему:
Символ борьбы добра со злом;
Символ защиты Отечества;
Символ княжеской власти (именно с этой целью всадник был добавлен при Иване Грозном).

Кресты на коронах
Уважение к истории государства, тесно связанной с православием, и дань уважения важной роли РПЦ в ней.. Отдельно следует сказать об элементах советского герба

Лозунг прописан на всех языках СССР, входящих в Союз. Однако лозунг, прописанный на русском языке, занимает центральное место, что говорит о его связующей роли в Союзе. Серп и молот символизируют труд, а также союз двух основных классов страны — пролетариата и крестьянства

Отдельно следует сказать об элементах советского герба. Лозунг прописан на всех языках СССР, входящих в Союз. Однако лозунг, прописанный на русском языке, занимает центральное место, что говорит о его связующей роли в Союзе. Серп и молот символизируют труд, а также союз двух основных классов страны — пролетариата и крестьянства.

Пятиконечная звезда является старинным символом.

В разные годы использовавшимся различными народами и группами, в том числе христианами. Однако на советском гербе звезда символизирует Красную армию (символ бога войны Марса), т.е. защиту всех трудящихся страны. Обилие красного символизирует тяжесть борьбы за диктатуру пролетариата. Земной шар является прямой отсылкой к идее мировой революции.

Но вернёмся к текущему формату важнейшего государственного символа, поскольку трактовка его основных элементов не столь однозначна как считается и не объясняет, почему герб России их содержат.

Сольная карьера

После ухода с лейбла Витя стал известен даже тем, кто никогда рэп не слушает, зато любит смотреть сериалы. В сети появилась реклама, в которой Гостюхин объясняет «как поднять бабла». Текст Витя и Максим написали сами и оба появились в ролике.

Знаменитый клип снимали на севере Питера в обычном подъезде под дождём. Трек зашёл настолько, что поклонники АК-47 стали просить исполнять его на концертах и корпоративах. Гостюхин даже записал пародию вместе с Ургантом и Гудковым, о том, как правильно кормить птиц зимой. Ролик собрал почти пять миллионов просмотров на ютубе — вполне успешный клип.

После этого количество появлений Вити в медийном пространстве резко возросло. Летом 2018-го вышел фит АК с Маликовым, идею трека придумал Дмитрий и предложил Гостюхину поучаствовать в создании. Получилась самая романтичная работа рэпера со времён INKOGNITO

В клипе очень много моделей и бизнесвумен, которые по сюжету собрались в «Москва-сити», чтобы привлечь внимание Маликова, а он в какой-то момент превратился в Витю АК

Следующий внезапный фит Гостюхин записал с Ольгой Бузовой, и это был не просто трек певицы, а гимн «Дому-2». В клипе снялись участники шоу, Дмитрий Маликов, ST, бодибилдер Александр Шпак и футболист Руслан Нигматуллин. Витя сыграл обыкновенного охранника, который задремал на работе и увидел роскошь передачи во сне. Сюжет простой: в интерьерах дома бизнесмена участники едят деликатесы, Бузова поёт в красном латексе, а ST убеждает Нигматуллина сказать, что он идёт на «Дом-2». Витя в это время читает о том, почему надо срочно проходить кастинг. Спойлер: чтобы жить богато и знакомиться с красивыми девушками.

Летом рэпер вместе с Жанной Бадоевой поучаствовал в съёмках выпуска «Орла и Решки» в Красноярске. Безлимитная карточка досталась Гостюхину, он взял бумажную десятку и поехал смотреть достопримечательности, которые на ней изображены. Так что пока Жанна каталась на велосипеде и кормила сусликов, Витя гулял по красноярской ГЭС и плавал на яхте по Енисею.

АКС-47

Одновременно с АК-47 на вооружение была принята и модель с литерой «С», означавшей «складной». Этот вариант автомата предназначался для спецвойск и ВДВ, его отличие было в металлическом, а не деревянном прикладе, который к тому же мог складываться под ствольную коробку.

Стрельбу из автомата предполагалось вести с откинутым прикладом, однако в случае невозможности можно было стрелять из оружия и при сложенном прикладе. Правда, он был не очень удобен: тяги приклада имели недостаточную жесткость и прочность, а широкий плечевой упор не ложился в ложбинку плеча и поэтому при стрельбе очередями норовил сместиться оттуда.